雅思阅读课程ppt下载

这是雅思阅读课程ppt，包括了雅思阅读基本概况，雅思阅读所需要的基本技能，Skimming& Scanning等内容，欢迎点击下载。

雅思阅读课程ppt是由红软PPT免费下载网推荐的一款课件PPT类型的PowerPoint.

雅 思 阅 读 2 Lecture One 雅思阅读基本概况 雅思阅读所需要的基本技能 Skimming& Scanning 一、雅思阅读基本概况 测试时间：60分钟 （ 9:45-10:45包括填答题卡时间） 文章数量：3篇，共约4000词 1200-1500 words/p 文章题材：经济、地理、教育、科学、环境 题目数量：共40题，10种题型（五大五小） 五种大题型 1 List of headings (LOH)段落标题配对题 2 Matching 配对题 段落+相关信息的配对 3 TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN 判断题 4 Multiple choice 选择题 (单选题+多选题) 5 Summary 填空题 评分标准 一 、如何开始准备雅思阅读考试四大技能的要求 快速阅读 词汇记忆 语法突破 强化技巧 第一个技能:快速阅读 1. SKIMMING (浏览，略读) To skim is to read quickly in order to get the general idea of the passage. 2. SCANNING (跳读，寻读) To scan is to read quickly in order to locate specific information. SKIMMING TITLE+SUBTITLE+HEADINGS PICTURE PARAGRAPH(顺带标记+小注) 基本能力 – 主旨提取 1. 雅思阅读文章的段落结构 2. 段落中心句提取 雅思阅读文章的段落结构 段落中心句的提取 Exercise C7T2P1 Why pagodas don't fall down A In a land swept by typhoons and shaken by earthquakes， how have Japan's tallest and seemingly flimsiest 不结实的; 易损坏的(原型flimsy)old buildings — 500 or so wooden pagodas  宝塔— remained standing for centuries? Records show that only two have collapsed during the past 1400 years. Those that have disappeared were destroyed by fire as a result of lightning or civil war. The disastrous损失惨重的 Hanshin earthquake in 1995 killed 6，400 people， toppled elevated highways， flattened使…成为平地office blocks and devastated 毁灭; 摧毁the port area of Kobe. Yet it left the magnificent five-storey pagoda at the Toji temple in nearby Kyoto unscathed未受损伤; 未遭伤害though it levelled夷平a number of buildings in the neighborhood. Topple: ~ (over) be unsteady and fall 不稳而倒下: The pile of books toppled over onto the floor. 那一摞书倒在地板上了. B Japanese scholars have been mystified for ages about why these tall， slender buildings are so stable. [It was only thirty years ago that the building industry felt confident enough to erect office blocks of steel and reinforced concrete that had more than a dozen floors.] With its special shock absorbers 减震器to dampen抑制the effect of sudden sideways movements from an earthquake， the thirty-six-storey Kasumigaseki building in central Tokyo — Japan's first skyscraper摩天楼— was considered a masterpiece of modern engineering when it was built in 1968. mystify/ ˈmɪstɪfaɪ; ˋmɪstəˏfaɪ/ v (pt， pp -fied) [Tn] make (sb) confused through lack of understanding; puzzle; bewilder 使（某人）困惑不解; 使迷惑: I'm mystified; I just can't see how he did it. 我大惑不解， 就是不明白他是怎麽做到的. * her mystifying disappearance 她神秘的失踪. dampen (down ) to make something such as a feeling or activity less strong 　 The light rain dampened the crowd's enthusiasm. 　 Raising interest rates might dampen the economy. to make a sound or movement less loud or strong 　 The spring dampens the shock of the impact. C Yet in 826， with only pegs短桩 and wedges楔子 to keep his wooden structure upright， the master builder Kobodaishi had no hesitation in sending his majestic雄伟的 Toji pagoda soaring fifty-five metres into the sky — nearly half as high as the Kasumigaseki skyscraper built some eleven centuries later. Clearly， Japanese carpenters of the day knew a few tricks about allowing a building to sway and settle itself rather than fight nature's forces. But what sort of tricks? D The multi-storey pagoda came to Japan from China in the sixth century. As in China， they were first introduced with Buddhism and were attached to important temples. The Chinese built their pagodas in brick or stone， with inner staircases， and used them in later centuries mainly as watchtowers瞭望塔. When the pagoda reached Japan， however， its architecture was freely adapted to local conditions — they were built less high， typically five rather than nine storeys， made mainly of wood and the staircase was dispensed with 免除，省掉 because the Japanese pagoda did not have any practical use but became more of an art object. Because of the typhoons that batter接连猛击Japan in the summer， Japanese builders learned to extend the eaves屋檐of buildings further beyond the walls. This prevents rainwater gushing 流出， 泻出， 涌出down the walls. Pagodas in China and Korea have nothing like the overhang that is found on pagodas in Japan. 【重要词组】dispense with sb/sth: get rid of sb/sth 用不着某人[某事物]; 摆脱某人[某事物]: He is not yet well enough to dispense with the pills. 他尚未痊愈， 仍需吃药. adapt (oneself) (to sth) become adjusted to new conditions， etc 适应（新环境等）: Our eyes slowly adapted to the dark. 我们的眼睛慢慢地适应了黑暗的环境. 【重要词汇】overhang / ˈəuvəhæŋ; ˋovɚˏhæŋ/ n. part that overhangs 悬垂的部分: a bird's nest under the overhang of the roof房檐下的鸟巢. E The roof of a Japanese temple building can be made to overhang the sides of the structure by fifty per cent or more of the building's overall width.For the same reason， the builders of Japanese pagodas seem to have further increased their weight by choosing to cover these extended eaves not with the porcelain瓷tiles 瓦of many Chinese pagodas but with much heavier earthenware陶器tiles. 【难句解析】The roof of a Japanese temple building can be made to overhang the sides of the structure by fifty per cent or more of the building's overall width. 句子结构the roof… can be made to….by… 日本寺庙的屋顶可以被建造成各面都延伸出庙宇本身，延伸的范围在该寺庙整体宽度的50%或者更多。 F But this does not totally explain the great resilience弹性 of Japanese pagodas. Is the answer that， like a tall pine tree， the Japanese pagoda — with its massive trunk-like central pillar柱子known as shinbashira — simply flexes伸缩，弯曲 and sways摇动， 摇摆 during a typhoon or earthquake? For centuries， many thought so. But the answer is not so simple because the startling令人吃惊的thing is that the shinbashira actually carries no load 不负重at all. In fact， in some pagoda designs， it does not even rest on the ground接触地面， but is suspended悬挂 from the top of the pagoda — hanging loosely down through the middle of the building. The weight of the building is supported entirely by twelve outer and four inner columns. G And what is the role of the shinbashira， the central pillar? The best way to understand the shinbashira's role is to watch a video made by Shuzo Ishida， a structural engineer at Kyoto Institute of Technology. Mr Ishida， known to his students as 'Professor Pagoda' because of his passion to understand the pagoda， has built a series of models and tested them on a 'shake- table' in his laboratory. In short， the shinbashira was acting like an enormous stationary pendulum钟摆. The ancient craftsmen， apparently without the assistance of very advanced mathematics， seemed to grasp the principles that were， more than a thousand years later， applied in the construction of Japan's first skyscraper. What those early craftsmen had found by trial and error was that under pressure a pagoda's loose stack of floors could be made to slither 摇晃 to and fro independent of one another. Viewed from the side， the pagoda seemed to be doing a snake dance — with each consecutive连续的 floor moving in the opposite direction to its neighbours above and below. The shinbashira， running up through a hole in the centre of the building， constrained individual storeys from moving too far because， after moving a certain distance， they banged into it， transmitting energy away along the column. 【重要词汇】Stack：pile or heap， usu neatly arranged 堆， 摞（通常指堆放得整齐的）: a wood stack 木材堆 * a stack of newspapers slither：slide or slip unsteadily摇晃不稳地滑动或滑行: slithering dangerously (on the muddy path) （在泥泞的路上）危险地滑行 * 【重要词组】bang into sb/sth: collide with sb/sth violently 猛撞着某人[某物]: He ran round the corner and banged straight into a lamp-post. 他跑过拐角处时迎面撞在灯柱上. 【难句解析】The ancient craftsmen， apparently without the assistance of very advanced mathematics， seemed to grasp the principles that were， more than a thousand years later， applied in the construction of Japan's first skyscraper. 古代的工匠在明显没有先进的数学知识的情况下，似乎已经掌握了一千年以后应用于日本第一摩天大楼的理论。 H Another strange feature of the Japanese pagoda is that， because the building tapers逐渐尖细， with each successive floor plan being smaller than the one below， none of the vertical垂直的 pillars that carry the weight of the building is connected to its corresponding pillar above. In other words， a five- storey pagoda contains not even one pillar that travels right up through the building to carry the structural loads from the top to the bottom. More surprising is the fact that the individual storeys of a Japanese pagoda， unlike their counterparts elsewhere， are not actually connected to each other. They are simply stacked 堆积one on top of another like a pile of hats. Interestingly， such a design would not be permitted under current Japanese building regulations. I And the extra-wide eaves? Think of them as a tightrope walker's走钢丝表演者 balancing pole平衡杆. The bigger the mass重物at each end of the pole， the easier it is for the tightrope walker to maintain his or her balance. The same holds true for a pagoda. 'With the eaves extending out on all sides like balancing poles，' says Mr Ishida， 'the building responds to even the most powerful jolt of an earthquake with a graceful swaying， never an abrupt shaking.' Here again， Japanese master builders of a thousand years ago anticipated 预见到concepts of modern structural engineering. 【重要词组】hold true = remain valid， applicable or unchanged 文章结构 1. 日本宝塔即使经历地震仍然屹立不倒，原因何在？ 2. 直到现代，人们仍不理解其中奥妙 3. 日本工匠掌握了什么技巧修建了五重塔？ 4. 日本塔来源于中国，日本工匠为适应本国国情加以改良 5. 日本塔顶的独特设计 6. 日本塔具有弹性并非是通心柱的功劳 7. 揭示通心柱的真实作用 8. 日本塔设计上另外的神奇之处 9. 超宽飞檐的用处 段落主题句的特征： 主题句一定是包含性最强的句子 例句和问句不是主题句 段落中如果有某人观点或研究结果要注意 段落中如果有例子出现要看例子前面或后面 段落中如果有步骤出现要看步骤前面的句子 看句子的时候，如果有代词，要往前看 如果一个SECTION里段落比较多，那么先看每段话的首句或者利用篇章结构的知识 如果一段话不超过4句话，整段都要看 SCANNING——从题干入手 1. 确定题型 2. 争取定位 定位词特点 （1）每道题都有相应的定位词 （2）必须选择实词作为定位词 雅思阅读= 定位+语言信息处理 定位词 Signal words 但是，how？ Examples—真题 1.The 1990 survey related to 550，000 consultations with alternative therapists.(C4) 2.Opponents of smoking financed the UCSF study. 3. Arthur Koestler considered laughter biologically important in several ways.(C5) Examples—真题 1.The 1990 survey related to 550，000 consultations with alternative therapists.(C4) 2.Opponents of smoking financed the UCSF study. 3. Arthur Koestler considered laughter biologically important in several ways.(C5) 4. It has been suggested that children hold mistaken views about the 'pure' science that they studied at school. 5. Chimpanzees make particular noises when they are playing. 6.Sediment in the irrigation canals on the Nile delta causes flooding. 4. It has been suggested that children hold mistaken views about the 'pure' science that they studied at school. 5. Chimpanzees make particular noises when they are playing. 6. Sediment in the irrigation canals on the Nile delta causes flooding. 定位词 ： 数字 大写单词 专有名词 斜体字，引号内， 连字符 名词（当题目中两个名词有明显的因果，比较关系等，两个都要挑出） 形容词+名词 最高级形式 挑选定位的四大原则 1.越醒目越好 2.不能是文章的标题中的词 3.不需要量多，越精确越好 4.定位词最好不要重复使用 题目： Walter Coates's records largely contain the information of ______ 文章： The book's yellowing pages contain beekeeping notes made between 1941 and 1969 by the late Walter Coates of Kilworth，Leicestershire. 题目： Walter Coates's records largely contain the information of ____________ 文章： The book's yellowing pages contain beekeeping notes made between 1941 and 1969 by the late Walter Coates of Kilworth，Leicestershire. 题目： According to some phenologists， global warming may cause the number of waterfowl in North America to drop significantly due to increased _________. 文章： Her analysis shows that the increased droughts that the models predict could halve the breeding populations at the ponds.“The number of waterfowl in North America will most probably drop significantly with global warming，" she says. 题目： According to some phenologists， global warming may cause the number of waterfowl in North America to drop significantly due to increased _________. 文章： Her analysis shows that the increased droughts that the models predict could halve the breeding populations at the ponds.“The number of waterfowl in North America will most probably drop significantly with global warming，" she says. 定位词， 定位到了怎样对应？ 如果定位词出现在原文句子的中间或末尾要把其所在的整句话看完。 如果看完整句话还不能解题就要在往上下各看一句。 细节的对应--- 同义替换 数字的同义替换 1990s =1990-1999 =20th century a century = 100 years 1000 years = 10 centuries = a millennium a decade = 10 years 80% = the most of / the majority of 50% = half 词，短语的同义替换（同义词 / 近义词） change = shift， alter， transform， switch， convert effect = influence， impact impossible = unable， hopeless， out of the question demanding = difficult still = continue accelerate = increasing，boom support = back trigger = cause， lead to， result in fund support = financial back nearby nations = geographic neighbours depend mainly on = rely heavily on feelings of loneliness = emotionally isolated 抽象与具体的替换（上下义词） cooling system = air conditioner global team = World Health Organization national policy = New Zealand Disability Strategy disease = malaria computer components = drives exchange of expertise = across a number of sports serious problems = nuclear war and global pollution and other threats location = America Exercise 句子的同义替换 Y/N/NG： C3T1P3 Q: The 'Scientific method' is more a way of describing research than a way of doing it. P: From this point of view， 'science method' may more useful be thought of as a way of writing up research rather than as a way of carrying it out. 句子的同义替换 Y/N/NG： C6T1P2 Q: International trade is increasing at a greater rate than the world economy. P: International trade is growing at a startling pace.While the global economy has been expanding at a bit over 3% a year， the volume of trade has been rising at a compound annual rate of about twice that. Exercise C7T1P1 Making Every Drop Count A [The history of human civilisation is entwined with(与某事物)紧密联系在一起 the history of the ways we have learned to manipulate 控制，操纵 water resources.] As towns gradually expanded， water was brought from increasingly remote 偏远的 sources， leading to sophisticated 复杂的 engineering efforts such as dams and aqueducts 高架渠. At the height of 在…的顶峰或鼎盛时期 the Roman Empire， nine major systems， with an innovative创新的 layout of pipes and well-built sewers下水道， supplied the occupants of Rome with as much water per person as is provided in many parts of the industrial world today. B During the industrial revolution and population explosion of the 19th and 20th centuries， the demand for water rose dramatically. Unprecedented 前所未有的 construction of tens of thousands of monumental 伟大的，纪念性的 engineering projects designed to control floods， protect clean water supplies， and provide water for irrigation and hydropower 水力发电 brought great benefits to hundreds of millions of people. Food production has kept pace with soaring populations 人口激增 mainly because of the expansion of artificial irrigation systems 人工灌溉系统 that make possible the growth of 40% of the world's food. Nearly one fifth of all the electricity generated 发电 worldwide is produced by turbines spun 旋转涡轮机 by the power of falling water. C [Yet there is a dark side to this picture: despite our progress， half of the world's population still suffers， with water services inferior to (比…差的) those available to the ancient Greeks and Romans.] As the United Nations report on access to water reiterated 重申 in November 2001， more than one billion people lack access to clean drinking water; some two and a half billion do not have adequate sanitation services 公共卫生服务. Preventable water-related diseases kill an estimated 10，000 to 20，000 children every day， and the latest evidence suggests that we are falling behind in efforts to solve these problems. D [The consequences of our water policies extend beyond jeopardising 危害 human health.] Tens of millions of people have been forced to move from their homes - often with little warning or compensation 补偿 - to make way for为…腾出地方 the reservoirs behind dams. More than 20% of all freshwater fish species 淡水鱼品种 are now threatened or endangered because dams and water withdrawals have destroyed the free-flowing river ecosystems where they thrive 繁殖. Certain irrigation practices degrade 恶化 soil quality and reduce agricultural productivity. Groundwater aquifers 蓄水层 are being pumped down faster than they are naturally replenished 补充 in parts of India， China， the USA and elsewhere. And disputes 冲突 over shared water resources have led to violence and continue to raise local， national and even international tensions 国际冲突. E [At the outset of 在开始之际 the new millennium， however， the way resource planners think about water is beginning to change. ] The focus is slowly shifting back to the provision of basic human and environmental needs as top priority-ensuring 'some for all，' instead of 'more for some'. Some water experts are now demanding that existing infrastructure 现有的基础设施 be used in smarter ways rather than building new facilities， which is increasingly considered the option of last， not first， resort. This shift in philosophy has not been universally accepted， and it comes with strong opposition from some established water organisations. Nevertheless， it may be the only way to address 解决 successfully the pressing problems of providing everyone with clean water to drink， adequate water to grow food and a life free from preventable water-related illness. F [Fortunately - and unexpectedly - the demand for water is not rising as rapidly as some predicted.] As a result， the pressure to build new water infrastructures has diminished 减少 over the past two decades. Although population， industrial output and economic productivity have continued to soar in developed nations， the rate at which people withdraw water from aquifers蓄水层， rivers and lakes has slowed. And in a few parts of the world， demand has actually fallen. G What explains this remarkable turn of events? Two factors: people have figured out how to use water more efficiently， and communities are rethinking their priorities for water use. Throughout the first three-quarters of the 20th century， the quantity of freshwater consumed per person doubled on average; in the USA， water withdrawals increased tenfold 十倍 while the population quadrupled翻了四倍. But since 1980， the amount of water consumed per person has actually decreased， thanks to a range of new technologies that help to conserve water 节水 in homes and industry. In 1965， for instance， Japan used approximately 13 million gallons of water to produce $1 million of commercial output; by 1989 this had dropped to 3.5 million gallons (even accounting for inflation通货膨胀)-almost a quadrupling of water productivity. In the USA， water withdrawals have fallen by more than 20% from their peak in 1980. H On the other hand， dams， aquequcts 沟渠 and other kinds of infrastructure will still have to be built， particularly in developing countries where basic human needs have not been met.[ But such projects must be built to higher specifications 规格 and with more accountability责任 to local people and their environment than in the past.] And even in regions where new projects seem warranted 担保，保证， we must find ways to meet demands with fewer resources， respecting ecological criteria 生态标准 and to a smallar budget. 解题步骤 1. 抓住文章主旨 2. 确定题干中的定位词 3. 利用其回原文定位包含这些词的语句 4. 阅读该句或上下相关两句，依题型作答ePj红软基地

雅思阅读介绍ppt：这是雅思阅读介绍ppt，包括了阅读的题型，文章类型，文章出处，提高实力必备四大技能，一般性解题方法等内容，欢迎点击下载。

雅思口语课件ppt：这是雅思口语课件ppt，包括了介绍雅思考试总体概况与Part 1解释，引申法，题目演示与练习，示例：Do you like mathematics等内容，欢迎点击下载。

雅思阅读技巧ppt：这是雅思阅读技巧ppt，包括了Reading with purpose，评分标准，定位词，阅读标注，False& not given，单词填写题型等内容，欢迎点击下载。