英语教程4unit8ppt下载

Section One 

Tactics for Listening

Listening and Translation

Training Focus:

      Global understanding of simple and short sentences

Exercise: 

Listen to each of the following sentences three times and then translate them.

Warming-up:

  The topic for the material is about the babay boom.    

What do you know about baby boom? 

Who are baby boomers?

The oldest of American’s baby boomers are 60 years old this year.

年龄最大的一批在美国二战后生育高峰出生的人今年将满六十岁。

The United States and many other industrialized countries have a growing retiree population and are expecting that growth to continue.

美国和许多工业化国家的退休人口都在增长，而这种增长预计还将持续。

By the time this generation reaches the traditional retirement age of 65， they will represent 20 percent of the US population.

当这一代人到达传统退休年龄——65岁时，他们的人数将占美国人口的百分之二十。

Baby boomers have a higher rate of home ownership than the national average and one out of four own more than one property.

战后生育高峰年代出生的人拥有住房的比例高于全国平均水平，其中四分之一的人拥有一处以上的房产。

Many boomers feel they are in good health and believe they will live longer and be happier if they continue to be active.

 很多战后生育高峰年代出生的人觉得自己现在还很健康，并且相信如果继续保持积极的心态，他们将更加长寿，生活得更愉快。

Section Two 

Listening Comprehension

Part I Dialogue Diamonds

Focus:

  Global understanding of the sentences and interpreting.

Vocabulary

1) sinister:

2) intrinsic:

3) monopoly:

4) Black Africa:

5) pledge to:

6) downfall

De Beers Group:

7) the godfather

.

8)  in the crust of the earth 地壳

Inflate 通货膨胀

        technical to increase in price， or make something increase in price 使涨价

      Hotels often inflate prices at particular times of the year. 

      酒店经常在一年中的某些时候抬高价格。

Marriage license：结婚证

Warming up question

The interview tells you sth. about the secret of diamonds.

Do you like diamonds?

Why is it so expensive ?

Is it really a marriage license?

What adds to the value of the diamonds?

Directions: Listen to the dialogue and decide whether the following statements are True or False:

1-6  T F T F F T                 7-12  F T T T T T

Part 2 PassageBuying a home

Training focus:

 1. Sentence dictation

 2. Note-taking skills:

3. predicting and dicussing

Warming up question

This is a passage about buying a home， especially as an investment. Whu is it sometimes still a good investment?

In the United States， state and local property taxes (财产税） are generally deductible（可减免的） from the federal income taxes（联邦所得税）， and there is also a federal mortgage interest tax （按揭利息税）deduction.

Vocabulary:

appreciate: 增值

2)   liquid assets:流动资产

3) inconsequential: not so important

4) down payment: 首付款

5) closing cost: closing fees

6) mutual fund:

7) 401K

8) Fraud 欺诈

7) 401k:

8) fraud:

9) mortgage:

10) deposit: 

     withdrawal:

11) tedious:

Pre-listening Question

What do you know about mortgage?

       A mortgage is a loan to finance the purchase of a home， usually with specified payment periods and interest rates. The home buyer pledges his or her house to the bank.

Ex. B: Sentence Dictation

As a fairly general rule， homes appreciate about four or five percent a year， varying from neighborhood to neighborhood， and region to region.

Of course， you are making mortgage payments and paying property taxes， along with a couple of other costs.

If you have been moving money between accounts during that time， there may be large deposits and withdrawal in some of them.

You may be required to produce some seemingly inconsequential data， which could get quite tedious.

For most people， changing employers will not really affect your ability to quality for a mortgage loan.

Ex. C: Detailed Listening

C    C D B D

Ex. D After-listening Discussion

1. What should you avoid when buying a home? why?

    The main thing you should avoid when buying a home is being put in a position where you will have to sell it too soon. If you have to sell a home before it has appreciated enough to cover the costs and commissions of selling， you could find yourself in a financial bind. This is especially true for those who buy a home with a down payment of 10 percent or less.

2. Would you like to buy a home or to rent one? Why?

Section  Three  News

Training Focus: 

1. hypothesis of the research

2. Summarizing news;

3. Selecting specific information.

News Item 1

Background information: 

US National Academy of Sciences ：美国国家科学院

 Vocabulary:

rear:  抚养 bring up

deprive of: deprive sb. of sth. 剥夺某人某物 ; 夺去

The accident deprived her of her life.     那场事故夺去了她的生命。

Those misfortunes almost deprived him of his reason.

    那些不幸事件几乎使他失去理智。

orphanage：孤儿院 a public institution for the care of orphans

cuddle：n./v. 拥抱，爱抚. 

    a close and affectionate (and often prolonged) embrace / 

    hold (a person or thing) close， as for affection， comfort， or warmth 

arginine vasopressin: [生化] 精氨酸抗利尿激素

oxytocin 【生化】后叶催产素

Ex. A: Summarize the news item.

This news item is about a research which has found chemical evidence to support that those deprived of affection when young can later find life much harder to cope with.

.

Exercise B. Listen to the news again and complete the following outline.   

Hypothesis: Children deprived of affection when young find later life much harder to cope with.

Method: Comparing a group of young children that had been brought up very early in an orphanage before being taken in by families with their family-raised peers

Findings: 1. They had very depressed Levels of the hormone arginine vasopressin which play a key role in regulating stress and managing social interactions

They reacted  far less when cuddled by their  adoptive parents as indicated by levels of the relaxing hormone oxytocin.

News Script

New research comparing the different ways that babies are reared (抚养)suggests there is chemical evidence to support the view that those deprived of affection when young find later life much harder to cope with. The research was conducted by the US National Academy of Sciences (美国国家科学院).

The researchers say it was a very rare opportunity for them to have access to a group of young children who had been brought up very early in life in an orphan­age (孤儿院) before being taken in by families. In the orphanage the children utterly lacked the kind of physical affection they should have experienced. By comparison with their family-raised peers， they had very depressed levels of the hormone arginine vasopressin*， which plays a key role in regulating stress and managing social interac­tions (社会交往). And they reacted far less when cuddled (抚爱的拥抱)by their adoptive parents as indicated by levels of the relaxing hormone oxytocin*.

News Item 2

Vocabulary:

enchant: vt. 使迷惑，施魔法

cast a spell over someone or something; put a hex on someone or something.

merchandising (文化衍生品)

fold increase (成倍增加)

across the board (普遍地，全面地)

a goose laying golden egg  摇钱树

Netherlands  荷兰

n. a constitutional monarchy（君主立宪制） in western Europe on the North Sea; half the country lies below sea level

Background Information

Harry Potter : a series of fantasy novels written by British author J. K. Rowling. The novels chronicle (记录） the life of a young wizard（男巫）， Harry Potter， and his friends Hermione Granger and Ron Weasley， all of whom are students at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft（巫术/魔法） and Wizardry （巫术/魔法）. The main story arc concerns Harry‘s struggle against Lord Voldemort（伏地魔）， a dark wizard who intends to become immortal， overthrow the wizard governing body known as the Ministry of Magic（魔法部）， and subjugate（征服） all wizards and muggles (麻瓜，非魔法界的人们) (non-magical people).

Since the release of the first novel， Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone， on 26 June 1997， the books have found immense popularity， critical acclaim， and commercial success worldwide. They have attracted a wide adult audience as well as younger readers， and are often considered cornerstones of modern young adult literature.[2] 

Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (1997)  哈利波特与魔法石

Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets (1998)  哈利波特与密室

Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (1999)

                                                               哈利波特与阿兹卡班的囚徒

Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire (2000)     哈利波特与火焰杯

Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (2003) 哈利波特与凤凰社

Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (2005) 哈利波特与混血王子

Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows (2007)  哈利波特与死亡圣器

Harry Potter and the Cursed Child  哈利波特与被诅咒的孩子

Exercise A. Summary

This item is about the success o f Harry Potter series and its impact on the publishing industry.

Ex. B. Listen to the news and answer the questions

1.  Why is there a gathering outside a bookshop in London?

Because the Harry Potter fans are waiting for the arrival of the latest book in the series， Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince.

2. Who are those people at the gathering?

They are people from different parts of Britain， including the young and not so young， and some teenagers who have traveled over from the Netherlands.

3. Who else are also excited about the newest Potter tale?

Bloomsbury， the books’ publishers， are also excited about the newest Potter tale.

4. What is Bloomsbury’s profit forecast for this year?

Bloomsbury’s profit forecast is 35 million dollars for this year.

5. How popular is the Harry Potter series in the world?

The previous five books in the series have sold more than 250 million copies worldwide and have been translated into 62 languages.

6. What’s the influence of the Harry Potter series on the publishing industry? 

       According to Lesley Miles， marketing director of the book chain Waterstones， there has been a 10-fold increase in children’s book publishing across the board， and that’s largely thanks to Potter.

News Script

There is quite a party going on outside this London bookshop. Some teenagers have even traveled over from the Netherlands to join the British young and not so young， so enchanted (入迷)by the Harry Potter publishing phenomenon that they are willing to stay up half the night to mark the arrival of the latest book in the series， Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince. But it's not just the fans who are excited about the newest Potter tale. For Bloomsbury， the books' publishers， the author J. K. Rowling is prov­ing to be a goose laying golden egg after golden egg. The previous five books in the series have sold more than 250 million copies worldwide and have been translated into 62 languages. Bloomsbury have raised their profit forecast to 35 million dollars for this year. With merchandising (文化衍生品) and movies， there has been an interesting wider impact on the publishing industry According to Lesley Miles， marketing director of the book chain Waterstones， there has been a 10-fold increase (增加10倍)in children's book publishing across the board (普遍)， and that's largely thanks to Potter.

News Item 3

Background information

Slumdog Millionaire (平民窟的百万富翁)

Bollywood: 宝莱坞  the film industry of India

the Golden Globes (金球奖): Golden Globe Awards are accolades( 表扬，称号） bestowed （授予）by the 93 members of the Hollywood Foreign Press Association （媒体协会）beginning in January 1944， recognizing excellence in film and television， both domestic and foreign.

The annual ceremony at which the awards are presented is a major part of the film industry‘s awards season， which culminates（达到顶峰/高潮） each year in the Academy Awards. The most recent ceremony， the 75th Golden Globe Awards， honoring the best in film and television in 2017， was held on January 7， 2018. The next ceremony， the 76th Golden Globe Awards， honoring the best in film and television in 2018， will be held in January 2019.

the Oscars :奥斯卡金像(奖)(美国电影艺术科学院颁发的年奖) The Academy Awards， also known as the Oscars， are a set of 24 awards for artistic and technical merit in the American film industry， given annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS)， to recognize excellence in cinematic achievements as assessed by the Academy's voting membership. The various category winners are awarded a copy of a golden statuette， officially called the "Academy Award of Merit"， which has become commonly known by its nickname "Oscar". 

The sculpture was created by George Stanley. The awards， first presented in 1929 at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel， are overseen by AMPAS.

Vocabulary:

high-profile :  A high-profile person or a high-profile event attracts a lot of attention or publicity. 引人注目的

Eg：...high-profile criminal defence lawyer， Gerald Shargel.… 

                  备受关注的刑事辩护律师，杰拉尔德·夏盖尔。

Euphoric: adj. exaggerated feeling of well-being or elation 欣快的；精神愉快的

have sth. pinned on (寄托希望)

pin sth. on sb. [口语]把(某事)归咎于某人；把(责任)推到(某人)身上：

You needn’t think you can pin the robbery on me. I was out of the country at the time.你别以为能把这次抢劫案归罪于我，那时我根本不在国内。

 nomina­tion (提名) the act of officially naming a candidate

Ex. A. Summary

    This news item is about Slumdog Millionaire， the winner of the Golden Globe.

Ex. B Listen to the news again and decide whether the following statements are true or false.

1. Slumdog Millionaire， in India film， won the Golden Globe.

2. Slumdog Millionaire stars several high-profile Hollywood actors whose performances delighted the judges. 

3. The winners of the Oscars are often seen as fovourites to win at the Golden Globes.

4. Indians now have their hopes pinned on further success when the Oscars are announced on January the 22nd.

5. It is the first time that AR Rehman， the film’s composer， had won an international award of such standing.

6. The film’s co-director and the leading actor said Rehman had made them very proud and happy.

B:  T F F F T T

News Script

Slumdog Millionaire (平民窟的百万富翁) is based on the popular game show "Who Wants to Be a Million­aire?" and stars several high-profile (引人注目的) Bollywood actors whose performances delighted the judges. The country is now in euphoric* mood and Indians are thrilled with the film's success.

The winners of the Golden Globes (金球奖) are often seen as favorites to win at the Oscars， and Indians now have their hopes pinned on (寄托希望) further success when nomina­tions (提名) for the Oscars are announced on January the 22nd.

But it's the film's composer， AR Rehman， who's the toast* of Bollywood. Even with all his talent， he had never won an international award of such standing before. The film's codirector， Loveleen Tandon， said Mr Rehman had made India proud. Ir-rfan Khan， one of the film's leading actors， told the BBC it had been a long time in coming but that Mr Rehman's Golden Globe had made them very happy.